Five Important Financial Questions to Ask Yourself Going into 2022

Contributed by: Sandra Adams, CFP®

Once again, a new year is upon us. Rather than start the year with financial New Year’s Resolutions that we are doubtful to keep, why not simply start by asking ourselves some important financial questions, answering them honestly, and taking some action steps in response? Here are the five questions we recommend asking to get your year started on the right foot:

1. What are the top financial goals you want to accomplish in 2022 (and do they align with what you value most)? 

Prioritizing what you want to accomplish and ensuring it is in line with what you value most is the first key to financial success. Once you have set your goals, you can put into motion just how to get there.

2. How can I accomplish my financial goals and save more? 

Most likely, many of your financial goals involve having money saved to meet them. Whether it be a large family vacation, paying off a mortgage, or making a certain amount of progress towards a significant life goal like retirement, most goals involve accumulating money. The beginning of the year is an excellent time to determine your financial budget and set aside funds for these goals. Make sure to keep in mind the new retirement plan contribution limits for 2022 and budget savings outside of retirement accounts for short-term goals and debt payoffs.

3. Does my investment strategy match my goals?  

The beginning of the year is always a good time to review your Investment Policy Statement. In return, you can determine if your investment strategy is still in line with your short and long-term financial goals and make sure that you are not taking too much or too little of a risk for the goals you have in mind for YOUR specific plan.

4. Am I financially protecting my loved ones? 

It makes sense to continually review your plan to ensure that your goal is solid from a risk perspective. Each year, you should review all of your insurance protections, including life insurance, disability insurance, liability insurance (home and auto), and possible long-term care insurance, to ensure that your family is fully protected.

5. Am I being financially safe/smart around potential financial credit and fraud risks? 

With electronic and internet transactions posing threats to our financial safety, it is important to be aware of precautions to take when transacting business electronically, having credit and fraud monitoring services in place, and proactively monitoring your credit report regularly. If you don’t have a credit and/or fraud monitoring service, you should likely have something in place (ask your advisor for recommended services).

Asking these quick questions and taking the action steps to answer them will get you on the right footing to a successful 2022. For assistance with any of these items, reach out to your financial advisor — we are always willing to help!

Sandra Adams, CFP®, is a Partner and CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® and holds a CeFT™ designation. She specializes in Elder Care Financial Planning and serves as a trusted source for national publications, including The Wall Street Journal, Research Magazine, and Journal of Financial Planning.

This material is being provided for information purposes only and is not a complete description, nor is it a recommendation. Any opinions are those of Sandra D. Adams, CFP® and not necessarily those of Raymond James.

How To Manage Your Finances After A Divorce

Contributed by: Kali Hassinger, CFP®, CDFA®

Divorce isn’t easy.  Determining a settlement, attending court hearings, and dealing with competing attorneys can weigh heavily on all parties involved. In addition to the emotional impact, divorce is logistically complicated.  Paperwork needs to be filed, processed, submitted, and resubmitted.  Assets need to be split, income needs to be protected, and more paperwork needs to be submitted!  With all of these pieces in motion, it can be difficult to truly understand how your financial position will be impacted.  Now, more than ever, you need to be sure that your finances are on the right track.  Although every circumstance is unique, there are few steps that are helpful in most (if not all) situations.

Assess your current financial situation

Following a divorce, you’ll need to get a handle on your budget. You may be responsible for paying expenses that you were once able to share with your former spouse.  What are your current monthly expenses and income?  Regarding expenses, you’ll want to focus on dividing them into two categories: fixed and discretionary.  Fixed expenses include things like housing, food, transportation, taxes, debt payments, and insurance.  Discretionary expenses include things like entertainment and vacations.

Reevaluate your financial goals

Now that your divorce is finalized, you have the opportunity to reflect on your needs and wants separate from anyone else.  If kids are involved, of course their needs will be considered, but now is a time to reprioritize and focus on your needs, too.  Make a list of things you would like to achieve, and allow yourself to think both short and long-term.  Is saving enough to build a cash cushion important to you?  Is retirement savings a focus?  Are you interested in going back to school?  Is investing your settlement funds in a way that reflects your values important to you?

Review your insurance needs

Typically, insurance coverage for one or both spouses is negotiated as part of a divorce settlement, however, there is often still a need to make future adjustments to coverage.  When it comes to health insurance, having adequate coverage is a priority.  You’ll also want to make sure that your disability or life insurance matches your current needs.  Property insurance should also be updated to reflect any property ownership changes resulting from divorce.

Review your beneficiary designations & estate plan

After a divorce, you’ll want to change the beneficiary designations on any life insurance policies, retirement accounts, and bank or credit union accounts. This is also a good time to update or establish your estate plan.

Consider tax implications

Post-divorce your tax filing status will change.  Filing status is determined as of the last day of the year.  So even if your divorce is finalized on December 31st, for tax purposes, you would be considered divorced for that entire year. Be sure to update your payroll withholding as soon as possible.

You may also have new sources of income, deductions, and tax credits could be affected. 

Stay on top of your settlement action items

Splitting assets is no small task, and it is often time consuming.  The sooner you have accounts in your name only, the sooner you will feel a sense of organization and control.  Diligently following up on QDROs, transfers, and rollovers is important to make sure nothing is missed and the process is moving forward as quickly and efficiently as possible.  Working with a financial professional during this process can help to ensure that accounts are moved, invested, and utilized to best fit your needs.

When your current financial picture is clear, it becomes easier to envision your financial future.  Similarly, having a team of financial professionals on your side can create a feeling of security and support, even as you embrace your new found independence.

Kali Hassinger, CFP®, CDFA®, is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® She has more than a decade of financial planning and insurance industry experience.

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This material is being provided for information purposes only and is not a complete description, nor is it a recommendation. Opinions expressed in the attached article are those of the author and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. All opinions are as of this date and are subject to change without notice. Neither Raymond James Financial Services nor any Raymond James Financial Advisor renders advice on tax issues, these matters should be discussed with the appropriate professional.

The Benefits Of Working With An ‘Ensemble Practice’

Contributed by: Josh Bitel, CFP®

Financial planning practices come in all shapes and sizes, but perhaps the two most common arrangements are solo practices and ensemble practices. Solo practices are normally led by a single advisor who calls the shots, while ensemble practices are team-oriented firms, all working toward a common goal. The Center identifies with the latter.

An ensemble practice is structured with multiple advisors under the same roof. This allows for constant sharing of ideas, best practices, strategies, and even sharing of resources. The Center has a 2 hour meeting every Monday for just this purpose. Our planners at The Center, all with unique expertise, get together to eat lunch and share client cases, tough questions, interesting reading pieces, and maybe a few jokes here and there. This is all possible because we are all working collaboratively toward a shared vision, as outlined in the Vision 2030 document our entire team had a hand in creating.

The Center, as with many ensemble practices, leverages the power of teams. We have team members who are specialists in such areas as insurance, divorce planning, tax planning, retirement planning, and many more. So if an advisor is met with a tough client case involving long-term care, for example, he or she can seek out help from a team member with expertise in this area instantly.

An often overlooked advantage for clients choosing to work with an ensemble practice such as The Center is the foundation for internal succession planning. It is often said that as an advisor ages, so do their clients. This begs the questions who will take care of me when my advisor retires? And from the advisors end, who will take care of my legacy once I’ve moved on? With a practice like ours, there is an internal succession plan in place for many years before a planner decides to retire. Often, clients are transitioned to an advisor who has been working under the tutelage of the retiring advisor.

As with anything, you must weigh the pros and cons of working with an advisor under their practice’s arrangement. In the end, it is all about finding the right person to help you reach your goals and feel comfortable along the way. At The Center, we have found that working in a team-based environment toward a shared vision helps us serve our clients the best way we can.

Helping You Set Your Financial Goals For The New Year!

Contributed by: Kali Hassinger, CFP®, CDFA®

New beginnings provide the opportunity to reflect.  What choices or experiences got you to where you are today, and where do you want to go from here?  Whether you’re motivated by the New Year or adjusting your course due to circumstances outside of your control, goals provide the opportunity to set your intentions and determine an action plan.

Budgeting, saving, retirement, paying off debt, and investing are all common, and often reoccurring, resolutions and goals. Why reoccurring?  Because, as is human nature, it is too easy to set a goal but lose focus along the way.  That is why it’s so important to set sustainable goals and find a way to remain accountable.

Working with an outside party, like a financial planner, can help you define these attainable goals and, most importantly, keep you accountable.  When we make commitments to ourselves and share them with others, we are more likely to follow through.

When goals are written down and incorporated in a holistic financial plan, it becomes easier to track progress and remain committed throughout the year.  The financial planning process, when executed correctly, integrates and coordinates your resources (assets and income) with your goals and objectives. As you go through this process, you will feel more organized, focused, and motivated. Your financial plan should incorporate the following (when applicable):

• Goal identification and clarification (you’re here now!)

• Developing your Net Worth Statement

• Preparing cash flow estimates

• Comprehensive investment management and ongoing monitoring of investments

• Financial independence and retirement income analysis

• Analysis of income tax returns and strategies designed to help decrease tax liability

• Review of risk management areas such as life insurance, disability, long term care, and property & casualty insurance

• College funding goals for children or grandchildren

• Estate and charitable giving strategies

As you reach one goal, new ones can emerge, and working with a financial planner can help you navigate life’s many financial stages. When you’re setting and working toward your objectives, don’t hesitate to reach out and share them with your trusted financial planner!  If you aren’t working with anyone yet, it’s never too late to start!  

Kali Hassinger, CFP®, CDFA®, is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® She has more than a decade of financial planning and insurance industry experience.

What Are The Hidden Costs Of Buying A Home?

Contributed by: Robert Ingram, CFP®

Today’s historically low-interest rates can mean a more affordable mortgage payment. However, when buying a home within your budget, it’s important to consider the costs beyond the mortgage.

Let’s begin with the costs to purchase a home.

Even while carrying a mortgage, you will need to make a down payment. While there are low down payment loans, try to put down at least 20% of the purchase price. Otherwise, your loan may have a higher interest rate and you could face additional monthly costs such as mortgage insurance.

You will have closing costs, which can include things such as loan origination fees for processing and underwriting the mortgage, appraisal costs, inspection fee, title insurance, pre-paid property taxes, and first year’s homeowner’s insurance. Generally, you should expect to pay between 3-5% of the mortgage amount.

Now, you will have ongoing costs to live in your home.

Annual property taxes average about 1% of the home value nationwide, but the tax rates can vary widely depending on the city or town. Keep property taxes top of mind when you are looking at different communities.

Homeowner’s insurance is another annual cost that not only depends on the value of the home and the contents within it you are covering, but also on the state and local community. This cost generally ranges between $500-1,500 per year, sometimes more.

If your home is a condominium or a single family home, you should expect annual or monthly homeowner’s association fees that cover the care of common areas, the grounds, clubhouses, or pools. Depending on the number of amenities and of course the location, average fees range from $200-400 per month.

While you may be used to paying some utilities as a renter, the size of your new home could significantly increase your utility rates. Going from an 800 square-foot apartment to a 2,500 square-foot house could double or triple the costs to heat it, cool it, and to keep the lights on. Add your local area water and sewer fees and your utilities could easily reach $500 per month or more.

Going from renting to homeownership also means having to maintain the new home (both inside and out). Things can be regular ongoing maintenance like lawn care and landscaping, or larger projects like painting, roof repair, furnace, and appliance replacement. Consider the tools and equipment you would need to buy or the services you would hire to do the work.

Finally, there is another hidden cost that can put a dent in your budget, filling up the house.  A home with more rooms can mean more spaces that “need” furniture and other decorative touches. The costs of furnishings can be several thousands of dollars to tens of thousands of dollars. Without proper planning, it can be all too easy to rack up those credit card bills and have a mountain of debt as you move into your new home.

Robert Ingram, CFP®, is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® With more than 15 years of industry experience, he is a trusted source for local media outlets and frequent contributor to The Center’s “Money Centered” blog.

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This material is being provided for information purposes only and is not a complete description, nor is it a recommendation. Any opinions are those of Bob Ingram, and not necessarily those of Raymond James. Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. does not provide advice on mortgages. Raymond James and its financial advisors do not solicit or offer residential mortgage products and are unable to accept any residential mortgage loan applications or to offer or negotiate terms of any such loan. You will be referred to a qualified professional for your residential mortgage lending needs.

3 Types Of Practical Disability Coverage You Should Know

Contributed by: Josh Bitel, CFP®

According to the Social Security Administration, studies have shown that just over 25% of today’s 20 year-olds will become disabled at some point before reaching age 67. Wow! This is a pretty staggering statistic – these odds are far greater than a premature death, which is what life insurance is typically purchased to protect against. However, often when we discuss disability insurance with clients, we find that it’s an area of confusion. Many aren’t even sure if they have coverage or they may believe that Social Security will kick in and be enough. For most of us, especially if you’re in the early stages of the “accumulation mode” of your career, your earnings power is most likely your largest asset both now and into the foreseeable future. A disability can wreak havoc on this “asset” which is essentially why disability insurance is purchased. Let’s look at the basic types of coverage:

1. Short-Term Vs. Long-Term Disability

Long-term disability typically has what’s known as an “elimination period” of how many days must pass before benefits begin. This is often called the “time deductible” of the policy which in many cases is 90-120 days. Benefits can payout up until age 65, however, most policies have a stated period of time where benefits would be payable. To help bridge this gap of coverage, a short-term disability policy can come in handy because benefits will usually begin within a week or two of disability and continue for up to one year, although benefits typically last between three to six months. Short-term disability policies can be a great tool to preserve your emergency cash fund, typically at a somewhat reasonable cost. 

2. Group Coverage

As with life insurance, many employers offer a form of disability insurance to their employees as part of their benefits package. Sometimes the employer will pay for the premium in full and other times the employee will have the option to pay for premiums (fully or partially). You may be asking yourself, “Why would an employee want to pay for the group coverage instead of having the employer foot the bill?” Great question, with very important ramifications! If the employer pays your premiums in full, the entire amount of your benefit if needed (typically between 50% and 60% of your pay up to certain limits) would be taxable. If you as the employee were paying for the premiums in full and you needed the coverage, benefits paid out would NOT be taxable. If you were only paying a portion of the total premium, say 20%, only 20% of the benefits paid would be non-taxable to you as the employee. The tax treatment of benefits will have a large impact on the net amount of benefit that hits your bank account so it’s important to understand who’s paying for what if you have access to a group disability policy at work.

3. Individual Coverage

As the name implies, individual coverage is purchased by you through an insurance company – the policy is not offered through your employer. A major benefit of purchasing an individual policy is that the coverage is portable, meaning you can take it with you if you change jobs because it’s not tied to your company’s benefits package (most group policies are non-portable). Another advantage (or disadvantage depending on how you look at it), is that you are paying for the coverage in full so if benefits are needed, they will not be taxable to you. With an individual policy, you have control over selecting the definition of disability that your policy uses (any occupation, own occupation, etc.) and you’d also have the option to add any additional features to the policy, usually at an additional cost.

In this blog, we’ve merely scratched the surface on disability coverage. As I mentioned, it is often one of the most overlooked parts of a client’s financial plan and coverage types, despite its high probability and significant risk of long-term financial loss. At a minimum, check with your employer to see if group coverage is offered (both long-term and short-term) and consult with your financial planner on whether or not it is sufficient or if additional coverage would be recommended. 

Josh Bitel, CFP® is an Associate Financial Planner at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® He conducts financial planning analysis for clients and has a special interest in retirement income analysis.

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The foregoing information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that it is accurate or complete, it is not a statement of all available data necessary for making an investment decision, and it does not constitute a recommendation. Any opinions are those of the author and not necessarily those of Raymond James.

Can I Afford To Buy A Second Home In Retirement?

Contributed by: Robert Ingram, CFP®

It’s a dream for many Americans as they envision retirement, having a second home as a vacation getaway, a seasonal escape, or a primary residence someday.  Even with the relatively mild winter we’ve just experienced in Michigan, it’s easy to appreciate the idea of living away during the cold months or enjoying a summer home up North.  But before you can live the dream, do your due diligence and crunch the numbers.

Retirement income expenses include the daily cost of living and the things you want to enjoy.  Making a large purchase, such as buying a second home, will take a significant chunk of your savings.  If you’ve underestimated the cost, it will wreak havoc on your retirement income.  

So, how realistic is your second home retirement plan? Factor in our suggestions below.

Purchasing costs

If you plan to buy the home using a mortgage, you will of course have a monthly payment.  While the continued low interest rates may help with the home’s affordability, this payment does add to the expenses that your retirement income sources will support.  Calculate your withdrawal rate (the percentage of savings needed to be withdrawn each year) and determine if it’s sustainable over your retirement years.

Now, if you’re able to purchase the property without a mortgage, yes, you would avoid paying interest and you would have no monthly payment.  On the other hand, using a portion of your retirement savings to purchase the home could mean that you have fewer assets reserved for other retirement spending needs.  Consider the impact it may have on the sustainability of your retirement income and whether purchasing or financing the property is more advantageous.

Don’t forget about property taxes. They’re ongoing expenses that you must factor into your budget. They vary widely depending on the state and local community.  Consider any difference in tax rates; non-homestead property is taxed higher than homestead property.

Additional costs

Unfortunately, we know that the cost of owning a home doesn’t end with the purchase. This is certainly true with a second home as well.  Depending on the property type, location, and climate/environment there may be additional costs that you aren’t used to with your current home.  It’s vital that your plan supports these costs as well.  Some examples include:

• Insurance: You’ll pay annual premiums for homeowner’s insurance on two properties.  Plus, homes with higher risk (e.g. hurricane prone southern states) often require additional flood or wind damage insurance.  In some cases, this nearly doubles the cost of the new policy.

• Condo/Association Fees:  Buying a condominium or a standalone house in a community with a neighborhood association will likely mean additional monthly fees.  Homeowners associations may also impose special assessments during the time you own the property for maintenance projects, community amenities, etc.  Understanding the previous history of assessments and the need for future projects can help you better prepare for those potential costs.

• Maintenance on two properties:  Now you have two homes to maintain.  If your second property is far away or you won’t visit often, you may need to hire people locally to provide the maintenance services for you.

• Home security:  Especially for a home that is unoccupied for long periods of time, you want to protect it from vandalism, trespassing, and burglary.  That could mean investing in security systems or working with local service providers to routinely check-in on the property.   

• Heating and cooling year-round: Unlike cottages or houses up North that you can close down and winterize, vacation homes in warm climates may require you to run the air conditioning when you’re not there.  Issues like mold and mildew can be a problem when temperatures and humidity are too high, which is another reason you may need to hire local services to make sure everything is working properly.

• Insect/pest control:  Your second home may be in a region with insects or other critters that require more regular/aggressive pest control.  Add this to your list of monthly or annual maintenance expenses.

What if I plan to rent out my second home?

• Renting out your second home could be an excellent way to generate additional income to offset the costs of ownership.  However, you could face lifestyle compromises. Here are some considerations:

•  Local rules on renting:  It’s critical to understand any local government ordinances or homeowners association restrictions on using your property as a rental.  In some cases, short-term rentals are not allowed or there are limits on the total number of rentals.

• Property management:  The farther the distance between your rental and primary properties, the greater chance you’ll need to hire a property manager to provide on-site service for your vacation guests or long-term tenants.  Property managers can advertise, book renters, and manage financial transactions.  The cost to outsource these services is typically between 10-35% of the rental cost.

•  Additional insurance coverage:  Tenants may not be covered by your insurance.  Homeowners insurance often covers incidents only when the property is owner-occupied.  You may need to add a form of landlord insurance, depending on factors such as the frequency and amount of days you will have the property rented.  Review your policy to be sure.

• Extra maintenance and repair:  You may face repairs and/or need to replace furniture.  Studies suggest that the cost to maintain a vacation rental is 1.5-2% of the property value each year.

The decision to buy a second home involves a combination of both lifestyle and financial considerations. Build a sound plan by balancing your priorities.  Consult with your financial planner as you work through these important life goals, and if we can be a resource for you, please reach out to us! 

Robert Ingram, CFP®, is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® With more than 15 years of industry experience, he is a trusted source for local media outlets and frequent contributor to The Center’s “Money Centered” blog.

Reducing Your Medicare Premium Surcharges

Contributed by: Robert Ingram, CFP®

For many clients with incomes above a certain level, Medicare premiums may be higher for Part B and Part D. As a Medicare recipient’s income exceeds specific thresholds, they may pay adjusted amounts in addition to the baseline Part B and/or Part D premiums.

Now, what if you have been paying these Medicare surcharges, but you experience a drop in your income? Can you also get your Medicare surcharge reduced? The answer is, possibly yes.

If you experience a change to your income because of certain life events, you can request that the Social Security Administration (SSA) review your situation and use your more recent income to determine what premium adjustment (if any) should apply. Examples of these life-changing events include:

• Work stoppage or work reduction

• Death of a spouse

• Marriage

• Loss of pension income

• Divorce or Annulment

• Loss of income-producing property

You might be asking yourself, “Why do I have to request this? Aren’t Medicare premiums automatically adjusted according to my income?”. A big reason for making the change request when you experience a qualifying change in income has to do with how and when the SSA measures your income.

Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA)

To determine whether your income makes you subject to an Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount (IRMAA) to the regular Medicare Part B or Part D premiums for the current year, the SSA looks at the income you reported to the IRS for the previous two years. This means that your Modified Adjusted Gross Income (Adjusted Gross Income with tax-exempt income added back) reported for 2017 determines your Medicare premiums for 2019. 

For individuals paying Part B premiums, for example, the standard premium in 2019 is $135.50 per month. However, the following table illustrates what you would pay in 2019 for Part B depending on your 2017 income.

For a couple who filed a joint return with income above $170,000 and up to $214,000 in 2017, each spouse paying for Medicare Part B may pay an additional $54.10 per month above the standard premium (a total of $189.60 monthly) in 2019. A couple with income that falls between $320,000 and $750,000 (or an individual filing single with income between $160,000 and $500,000) in 2017 could each pay an additional $297.90 above the standard premium, for a total of $433.40 per month in 2019.

If an individual (or couple) experienced a drop in income for 2019, it might normally take until 2021 for the Medicare premiums to reflect any reduction based on the 2019 income. Let’s say the couple who had reported income between $320,000 and $750,000 retires in 2019 and sees their income drop to an expected $165,000. The expected income falling within the $170,000 threshold could mean a difference of $297.90 per month (each!) in Medicare Part B premiums (from $433.40 to $135.50).

If a qualifying life event caused the drop in expected income, then filing a request with the SSA could mean a more immediate change in Medicare premiums, rather than waiting for the savings until 2021.

How do you request the premium surcharge reduction? 

If you think you have experienced a reduction in income due to one or more of the qualifying events, make your request to the Social Security Administration by submitting the Medicare Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount –Life-Changing Event form (form SSA-44).

Along with this form, you will also provide supporting documentation for your Modified Adjusted Gross Income and your life-changing event (see form SSA-44 instructions). Examples of supporting documentation may include items such as:

• Federal income tax return

• Signed statements from employers, pay stubs

• Certified documents for transfers of a business

• Marriage certificate

• Certified death certificates

• Letter or statement from pension administrator explaining a reduction/termination

For other disagreements with an IRMAA determination, you have the right to appeal. You can file an appeal online (socialsecurity.gov/disability/appeal) and select “Request Non-Medical Reconsideration”, file a Request for Reconsideration form, or contact your local Social Security office.

If you disagree with an IRMAA determination because your reported Modified Adjusted Gross Income is incorrect, you need to address the correction first with the IRS.

Because these Medicare surcharges are determined each year, you have opportunities to do more proactive income and tax planning leading up to and after Medicare enrollment. Employing different strategies that help control your Adjusted Gross Income could also help control potential Medicare premiums in future years. If you have questions about your particular situation, feel free to reach out to us!

• Want more information about Medicare? Check out The Center’s Medicare FAQ

• Looking for financial strategies and tax tips for year-end? Check out this webinar.

Robert Ingram, CFP®, is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® With more than 15 years of industry experience, he is a trusted source for local media outlets and frequent contributor to The Center’s “Money Centered” blog.

Open Enrollment Season for Health Insurance and Medicare 2020

Contributed by: Robert Ingram, CFP®

It’s hard to believe we’re already down to the last official days of summer and about to begin another fall season. And along with the foliage, football games, and cider mills comes the health insurance open enrollment season for many employers and for Medicare.

Now, I know reading through benefits manuals may sound about as fun as cleaning out the gutters or raking those autumn leaves. But as our health care costs continue to rise (federal government actuaries estimate U.S. health care spending averaged $11,212 per person in 2018), making smart decisions is critical to keeping more money in your wallet.

Investing a little time to make sure your coverage meets your needs, and limits your financial risks, can really pay off.

Employer-sponsored health insurance plans

Many employers offer an annual open enrollment this time of year, giving employees an opportunity to select, or make changes to, benefits effective in the next calendar year.

Consider these points as you make your health insurance elections for 2020:

• Review and compare your available plan offerings (e.g. PPO vs. HMO). For some key differences among plan types, click here.

• Focus on more than just the premium costs. Compare the potential total out-of-pocket costs, including deductibles, copays, and the annual out-of-pocket maximums.  

• Consider your health history and the services you may use in the next year. Are you likely to hit the deductible or maximum out-of-pocket costs each year? The benefit of lower premiums for a high deductible plan may be outweighed by higher overall out-of-pocket costs. Are you less likely to hit the deductible, or do you have excess cash in savings to cover unexpected health care costs? A lower premium, high deductible plan may be a good choice.

• Consider whether funding an available Flexible Spending Account (FSA) for health care or Health Savings Account (HSA) makes sense. Keep in mind some key differences:

  • HSA requires a high deductible health plan.

  • You generally must spend FSA dollars on eligible expenses by the end of each plan year or forfeit unspent amounts (use-or-lose provision).

  • HSA balances carryover (no use-or-lose provision).

• For working spouses, it is also important to review each of your employer-sponsored health plan options and consider any limitations on spousal coverage. It has become increasingly common for employers to add surcharges to the premium for spousal coverage, or to entirely exclude coverage for spouses who have access to their own employer-sponsored coverage.

Medicare Open Enrollment

The *Open Enrollment for Medicare Advantage and Medicare prescription drug coverage window opens each year for anyone currently enrolled in Medicare to make changes to their plan, add certain coverages, or enroll in a new plan. It also allows first-time enrollment for individuals who have qualified for Medicare but have not previously enrolled at age 65 or during a Special Enrollment Period.

 This window opens from October 15 through December 7. Changes you can make include: 

• Changing from Original Medicare (Part A/Part B) to a Medicare Advantage Plan

• Changing from a Medicare Advantage Plan back to Original Medicare

• Switching to another Medicare Advantage Plan

• Joining a Medicare Prescription Drug Plan (Part D)

• Switching from one Medicare drug plan to another Medicare drug plan

• Dropping your Medicare prescription drug coverage

*There is also a Medicare Advantage Open Enrollment from January 1 through March 31, but only for those currently enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Plan. It allows changing from one Medicare Advantage Plan to another, or changing from a Medicare Advantage Plan back to Original Medicare.

Unlike the fall open enrollment period, this window does NOT allow changes such as switching from Original Medicare to a Medicare Advantage Plan, joining a Medicare Prescription Drug Plan, or switching from one Medicare Prescription Drug Plan to another if enrolled in Original Medicare.

What if I am employed at age 65 or older?

For employees age 65 and older who are reviewing their health coverage options, the decisions can become more complicated due to Medicare eligibility. If such employees have access to great employer group health insurance coverage at very reasonable costs, it could make sense to continue this coverage even while Medicare eligible. This can lead to additional questions such as:

• Should I enroll in Medicare if I have other coverage?

• For which parts of Medicare should I apply?

With more than one potential payer (e.g. employer health insurance provider and Medicare), “coordination of benefits” rules determine which pays first. Understanding how your employer coverage coordinates with Medicare is an important factor in your decision-making process.

For employers with more than 20 employees, the group health plan generally pays first, and Medicare is secondary. This means that if the group plan does not pay all of the bill, Medicare would pay based on its coverage structure, what the group plan paid, and what the provider charged. Because the group health plan is the primary payer, you may have more flexibility to apply for portions of Medicare, such as selecting Part A (which is premium-free for most everyone) and deferring Part B (which has a monthly premium).

If an employer has fewer than 20 employees, Medicare generally pays first, and the group health plan becomes secondary. In this case, as an eligible employee, you should probably enroll in Medicare Parts A and B. (Medicare Advantage Plans also cover services under Parts A and B.) Failing to enroll in both parts of Medicare could leave you responsible out-of-pocket for anything that Medicare would have covered.

While many factors apply to your own unique circumstances, here are some additional tips for employees age 65+ who are making Medicare enrollment decisions:

• Get the details of your employer-provided coverage in writing to help you decide how to handle Medicare choices. Confirm with your employer plan how benefits coordinate with Medicare.

• Coordinate with your spouse when evaluating your coverage options (just as you would if you were under age). If you are both still working at age 65, you can compare employer health plans and how they work with Medicare, as well as understanding any available spousal/family coverage options. Doing a little homework can help you choose the optimal plan.

• Are you contributing to a Health Savings Account (HSA)? By enrolling in any part of Medicare, you lose the ability to continue HSA contributions. Determine which is most important to you, enrolling in Medicare or continuing the HSA contributions.

• If enrolling in Original Medicare Parts A and B, don’t forget to look at Medicare Supplement Insurance (Medigap), which literally helps fill certain coverage gaps in traditional Medicare. 

Health care costs may be one of your largest expenses over your lifetime, and the planning decisions are often complex. Take advantage of these other great resources available to you:

• Have a Medicare question? Check out The Center’s Medicare FAQ.

• Want to learn more about Medicare Open Enrollment? Check out our latest webinar.

• For enrollment details and other information visit medicare.gov.

As always, if we can be a resource for you or someone you know, please get in touch.

Robert Ingram, CFP®, is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® With more than 15 years of industry experience, he is a trusted source for local media outlets and frequent contributor to The Center’s “Money Centered” blog.

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Source: https://www.cms.gov/research-statistics-data-and-systems/statistics-trends-and-reports/nationalhealthexpenddata/nationalhealthaccountshistorical.html Opinions expressed are those of the author and are not necessarily those of Raymond James. All opinions are as of this date and are subject to change without notice. The information contained in this blog does not purport to be a complete description of the securities, markets, or developments referred to in this material. The information has been obtained from sources considered to be reliable, but we do not guarantee that the foregoing material is accurate or complete. Changes in tax laws or regulations may occur at any time and could substantially impact your situation. Raymond James financial advisors do not render advice on tax or legal matters. You should discuss any tax or legal matters with the appropriate professional. Investing involves risk and investors may incur a profit or a loss regardless of strategy selected. Prior to making an investment decision, please consult with your financial advisor about your individual situation. Prior to making a decision to purchase an insurance product, please consult with a properly licensed insurance professional.

Long Term Care Premium Increases — Things to Consider if You Receive a Notice

Contributed by: Sandra Adams, CFP®

No one likes to receive a letter stating that their premiums are going up — especially with a Long Term Care insurance policy that already seems relatively expensive. Unfortunately, when you own something other than a “paid up” Long Term Care Insurance Policy, the question is not if but when you might receive such a notice. To review, remember that the law allows insurers to apply to regulators for an increase in premiums.

Increases are allowed only if they apply to all policyholders and the company’s data shows current premiums will not cover current and future claims based on costs, projected interest rates, projected increases in claims or length of claims. (Companies cannot increase premiums for specific individuals based on increases in age, gender, health conditions, or filing of a claim.)

Taking the time to make an educated decision about your options when a premium increase occurs is crucial when it comes to Long Term Care insurance, especially as you get older. The more time passes, the greater the likelihood that you might need this type of insurance.

If you are faced with a premium increase, you typically have a limited number of options: 

1. Pay the increased premium and keep your current coverage.

2. Continue to pay your current premium or a reduced premium and accept some combination of reduced benefits (likely in this category, your Long Term Care insurance company will offer you a short list of options from which to choose). *NOTE: We have recently discovered that the list of options provided WITH the premium increase are not the only options. If you wish to consider additional options, you (and/or you advisor) can contact the Long Term Care company to request additional options. For example, a client in their mid-80s may consider an option to discontinue the compound inflation rider going forward and considerably decrease the premium. The added benefit for someone in their mid-80s is negligible at that point.

3. Take the Contingent Non-Forfeiture Option. If the percentage of premium increase is at a certain level, you may be able to stop paying premiums, and you would be entitled to a long-term care benefit based on the amount of premium dollars you have already paid.

It makes sense to carefully weigh your options when it comes to the Long Term Care insurance decision. Understand that you have full control. The Long Term Care insurance company will provide additional options if you request them — but you have to ask. And work with your financial advisor to review your options and see what makes sense. The only option that likely DOES NOT make sense is NOT writing the check to the Long Term Care insurance company at all!

Sandra Adams, CFP®, CeFT™, is a Partner and CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professional at Center for Financial Planning, Inc.® She specializes in Elder Care Financial Planning and serves as a trusted source for national publications, including The Wall Street Journal, Research Magazine, and Journal of Financial Planning.